Contents

Foundations

1.1 Background to wave intensity analysis

1.2 What is a wave? - sequential wavefronts vs. sinusoids

1.2a What is a wave? - continued

1.3 Is the cardiovascular system in steady state oscillation?

1.4 Nomenclature

Mathematical background

2.1 Method of characteristics {mathematical details}

Wave intensity

3.1 Definition of wave intensity

3.2 A simple example

Separation of forward and backward waves

4.1 Water hammer equations

4.2 Wave separation

Reservoir-wave hypothesis

5.1 The definition of the reservoir pressure

5.2 Calculation of the reservoir pressure

5.3 Some examples of reservoir pressure

Reflection and transmission of waves

6.1 The derivation of the reflection and transmission coefficients

6.2 Wave trapping

6.3 Evidence of wave trapping in the arteries

Determining wave speed

7.1 PU-loop measurements

7.2 Sum of squares measurements

Applications of wave intensity analysis

8.1 iFR (Instantaneous Wave-free Ratio

Annotated bibliography

9.1 Bibliography of wave intensity papers